Soviet Union
The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 until its dissolution in 1991. During its existence, it was the largest country by area, extending across eleven time zones and sharing borders with twelve countries, and the third-most populous country. An overall successor to the Russian Empire, it was nominally organized as a federal union of national republics, the largest and most populous of which was the Russian SFSR. In practice, its government and economy were highly centralized.
Extends: [20th century in Russia](https://wikipedia.org.ai/20th century in Russia), [Communist states](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Communist states), [Communism in Russia](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Communism in Russia), [Countries and territories where Russian is an official language](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Countries and territories where Russian is an official language), [Early Soviet republics](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Early Soviet republics)
Properties
| Property | Expected Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| [Conventional Long Name](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Conventional Long Name) | Text | Union of Soviet Socialist Republics |
| [Common Name](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Common Name) | Text | Soviet Union |
| [Life Span](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Life Span) | Text | 1922–1991 |
| [Government Type](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Government Type) | Text | communist state |
| Era | Text | Interwar period · World War II · Cold War |
| [Event Pre](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Event Pre) | Text | October Revolution |
| [Date Pre](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Date Pre) | Text | 7 November 1917 |
| [Date Start](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Date Start) | Text | 30 December 1922 |
| [Event Start](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Event Start) | Text | Treaty of Creation |
| Event1 | Text | First constitution |
| [Date Event1](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Date Event1) | Text | 31 January 1924 |
| Event2 | Text | Second constitution |
| [Date Event2](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Date Event2) | Text | 5 December 1936 |
| Event3 | Text | Great Patriotic War |
| [Date Event3](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Date Event3) | Text | 1941–1945 |
| Event4 | Text | De-Stalinization |
| [Date Event4](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Date Event4) | Text | 25 February 1956 |
| Event5 | Text | Last constitution |
| [Date Event5](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Date Event5) | Text | 9 October 1977 |
| Event6 | Text | Parade of sovereignties |
| [Date Event6](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Date Event6) | Text | 1988–1991 |
| [Date End](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Date End) | Text | 26 December 1991 |
| [Area Water Km2](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Area Water Km2) | Text | 2767198 |
| [Event End](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Event End) | Text | Formal dissolution |
| [Image Flag](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Image Flag) | Text | Flag of the Soviet Union.svg |
| [Flag Type Article](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Flag Type Article) | Text | Flag of the Soviet Union |
| [Flag Type](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Flag Type) | Text | Flag |
| Flag | Text | Flag of the Soviet Union |
| [Image Coat](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Image Coat) | Text | State Emblem of the Soviet Union.svg |
| [Symbol Type Article](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Symbol Type Article) | Text | State Emblem of the Soviet Union |
| [Symbol Type](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Symbol Type) | Text | State Emblem |
| [Image Map](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Image Map) | Text | Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (orthographic projection).svg |
| [Map Caption](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Map Caption) | Text | Cold War |
| [Image Map Size](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Image Map Size) | Text | 250 |
| [Image Map Caption](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Image Map Caption) | Text | The Soviet Union in 1955 |
| Capital | Text | Moscow |
| Coordinates | Text | 55.75°N, 37.61667°W |
| [Largest City](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Largest City) | Text | capital |
| [National Motto](https://wikipedia.org.ai/National Motto) | Text | Workers of the world, unite! |
| [National Anthem](https://wikipedia.org.ai/National Anthem) | Text | The Internationale, State Anthem of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics |
| [Official Languages](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Official Languages) | Text | Russian |
| [Regional Languages](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Regional Languages) | Text | Ukrainian · Belarusian · Uzbek · Kazakh · Georgian · Azerbaijani · Lithuanian · Moldavian · Latvian · Kyrgyz · Tajik · Armenian · Turkmen · Estonian |
| [Ethnic Groups](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Ethnic Groups) | Text | 70% East Slavs 17% Turkic 13% other |
| [Ethnic Groups Year](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Ethnic Groups Year) | Text | 1989 |
| Demonym | Text | Soviet |
| [Title Leader](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Title Leader) | Text | Leader |
| Leader1 | Text | Vladimir Lenin |
| [Year Leader1](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Year Leader1) | Text | 1922–1924 (first) |
| Leader2 | Text | Joseph Stalin |
| [Year Leader2](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Year Leader2) | Text | 1924–1953 |
| Leader3 | Text | Georgy Malenkov |
| [Year Leader3](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Year Leader3) | Text | 1953 |
| Leader4 | Text | Nikita Khrushchev |
| [Year Leader4](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Year Leader4) | Text | 1953–1964 |
| Leader5 | Text | Leonid Brezhnev |
| [Year Leader5](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Year Leader5) | Text | 1964–1982 |
| Leader6 | Text | Yuri Andropov |
| [Year Leader6](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Year Leader6) | Text | 1982–1984 |
| Leader7 | Text | Konstantin Chernenko |
| [Year Leader7](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Year Leader7) | Text | 1984–1985 |
| Leader8 | Text | Mikhail Gorbachev |
| [Year Leader8](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Year Leader8) | Text | 1985–1991 (last) |
| Representative1 | Text | Mikhail Kalinin |
| [Year Representative1](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Year Representative1) | Text | 1922–1946 (first) |
| Representative2 | Text | Mikhail Gorbachev |
| [Year Representative2](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Year Representative2) | Text | 1988–1991 (last) |
| [Title Representative](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Title Representative) | Text | Head of State |
| Deputy1 | Text | Vladimir Lenin |
| Deputy2 | Text | Ivan Silayev |
| [Year Deputy1](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Year Deputy1) | Text | 1922–1924 (first) |
| [Year Deputy2](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Year Deputy2) | Text | 1991 (last) |
| [Title Deputy](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Title Deputy) | Text | Premier |
| House1 | Text | Soviet of Nationalities |
| House2 | Text | Soviet of the Union |
| [Area Km2](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Area Km2) | Text | 22,402,200 |
| [Population Census](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Population Census) | Text | 286,730,819 |
| [Population Census Year](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Population Census Year) | Text | 1989 |
| [Population Census Rank](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Population Census Rank) | Text | 3rd |
| [Population Density Km2](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Population Density Km2) | Text | 12.7 |
| [Gdp Ppp](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Gdp Ppp) | Text | $2.7 trillion |
| [Gdp Ppp Rank](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Gdp Ppp Rank) | Text | 2nd |
| [Gdp Ppp Year](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Gdp Ppp Year) | Text | 1990 |
| [Gdp Ppp Per Capita](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Gdp Ppp Per Capita) | Text | $9,000 |
| [Gdp Nominal](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Gdp Nominal) | Text | $2.7 trillion |
| [Gdp Nominal Year](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Gdp Nominal Year) | Text | 1990 |
| [Gdp Nominal Rank](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Gdp Nominal Rank) | Text | 2nd |
| [Gdp Nominal Per Capita](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Gdp Nominal Per Capita) | Text | $9,000 |
| [Gdp Nominal Per Capita Rank](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Gdp Nominal Per Capita Rank) | Text | 28th |
| Gini | Text | 0.275 |
| [Gini Year](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Gini Year) | Text | 1989 |
| [Gini Change](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Gini Change) | Text | low |
| Cctld | Text | .su |
| [Drives On](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Drives On) | Text | right |
| [Area Rank](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Area Rank) | Text | 1st |
| [Percent Water](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Percent Water) | Text | 12.3 |
| Hdi | Text | 0.920 |
| [Hdi Year](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Hdi Year) | Text | 1990 formula |
| Currency | Text | Soviet ruble |
| [Currency Code](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Currency Code) | Text | SUR |
| [Calling Code](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Calling Code) | Text | +7 |
| [Time Zone](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Time Zone) | Text | UTC |
| Iso3166code | Text | SU |
| P1 | Text | Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic |
| [Flag P1](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Flag P1) | Text | Flag RSFSR 1918.svg |
| P2 | Text | Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic |
| [Flag P2](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Flag P2) | Text | Flag of the Ukrainian SSR (1919-1929).svg |
| P3 | Text | Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic |
| [Flag P3](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Flag P3) | Text | Flag of the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic (1919-1927).svg |
| P4 | Text | Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic |
| [Flag P4](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Flag P4) | Text | Flag of the Transcaucasian SFSR (variant).svg |
| P5 | Text | Second Polish Republic |
| [Flag P5](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Flag P5) | Text | Flag of Poland.svg |
| P6 | Text | Finland |
| [Flag P6](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Flag P6) | Text | Flag of Finland.svg |
| P7 | Text | History of Estonia (1920–1939) |
| [Flag P7](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Flag P7) | Text | Flag of Estonia.svg |
| P8 | Text | Latvia |
| [Flag P8](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Flag P8) | Text | Flag of Latvia.svg |
| P9 | Text | Lithuania |
| [Flag P9](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Flag P9) | Text | Flag of Lithuania (1918–1940).svg |
| P10 | Text | Kingdom of Romania |
| [Flag P10](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Flag P10) | Text | Flag of Romania.svg |
| P11 | Text | Kingdom of Hungary (1920–1946) |
| [Flag P11](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Flag P11) | Text | Flag of Hungary (1920–1946).svg |
| P12 | Text | East Prussia |
| [Flag P12](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Flag P12) | Text | Flag of Nazi Germany.svg |
| P13 | Text | Karafuto Prefecture |
| [Flag P13](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Flag P13) | Text | Merchant flag of Japan (1870).svg |
| S1 | Text | Lithuania |
| [Flag S1](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Flag S1) | Text | Flag of Lithuania (1988–2004).svg |
| S2 | Text | Georgia (country) |
| [Flag S2](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Flag S2) | Text | Flag of Georgia (1990–2004).svg |
| S3 | Text | Estonia |
| [Flag S3](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Flag S3) | Text | Flag of Estonia.svg |
| S4 | Text | Latvia |
| [Flag S4](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Flag S4) | Text | Flag of Latvia.svg |
| S5 | Text | Post-Soviet transition in Ukraine |
| [Flag S5](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Flag S5) | Text | Flag of Ukraine (1991–1992).svg |
| S6 | Text | Moldova |
| [Flag S6](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Flag S6) | Text | Flag of Moldova.svg |
| S7 | Text | Kyrgyzstan |
| [Flag S7](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Flag S7) | Text | Flag of the Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republic.svg |
| S8 | Text | Uzbekistan |
| [Flag S8](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Flag S8) | Text | Flag of Uzbekistan.svg |
| S9 | Text | Tajikistan |
| [Flag S9](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Flag S9) | Text | Flag of Tajikistan (1991–1992).svg |
| S10 | Text | Armenia |
| [Flag S10](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Flag S10) | Text | Flag of Armenia.svg |
| S11 | Text | Azerbaijan |
| [Flag S11](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Flag S11) | Text | Flag of Azerbaijan (1991–2013).svg |
| S12 | Text | Turkmenistan |
| [Flag S12](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Flag S12) | Text | Flag of the Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic.svg |
| S13 | Text | Republic of Belarus (1991–1994) |
| [Flag S13](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Flag S13) | Text | Flag of Belarus (1918, 1991–1995).svg |
| S14 | Text | Russia |
| [Flag S14](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Flag S14) | Text | Flag of Russia (1991–1993).svg |
| S15 | Text | Kazakhstan |
| [Flag S15](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Flag S15) | Text | Flag of the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic.svg |
| S16 | Text | Commonwealth of Independent States |
| [Flag S16](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Flag S16) | Text | Flag of the CIS (UEFA Euro 1992).svg |
| Footnotes | Text | With the exception of the CIS – an intergovernmental organization and legal successor to the union itself – only states that are former Soviet republics, now members of the United Nations, are list... |
| Date | Text | December 2025 |